1. CONVENTION CENTERS

1

1.1. Introduction

2

1.2. International Experience

4

1.2.1. World Experience of Convention Centers Development

6

1.2.2. Main Functional Areas Required in the Modern Convention Center

8

1.2.3. Creation and Development of Multifunctional Convention Centers

10

1.2.3.1. Re-Equipment of Convention Centers by Adding Exhibition Areas

12

1.2.3.2. Equipping Exhibition Centers with Congress Facilities

14

1.2.3.3. Comprehensive Program of Convention Center Reconstruction

16

1.2.4. Convention Center Infrastructure

18

1.2.5. Optimal Architectural and Planning Solutions for Successful Convention Centers

20

1.2.6. Optimal Ways of Promoting Convention Centers

22

1.2.7. Features of Convention Centers In Other Regions

24

1.2.7.1. Convention Centers in Northern Europe:

26

1.2.7.2. Convention Centers in Baltic States:

28

1.2.7.3. Convention Centers in Eastern Europe:

30

1.2.7.4. 1.2.7.4. Convention Centers in Western and Central Europe

32

1.2.7.5. Convention Centers in the USA

34

1.2.7.6. Convention Centers of Developing Regions

36

1.3. Review of Existing Convention Centers

38

1.3.1. Types of Convention Centers

40

1.3.2. Classification of Convention Centers by Location:

42

1.3.2.1. Convention Centers in Large Cities

44

1.3.2.2. Convention Centers in Resort Cities

46

1.3.2.3. Convention Centers in Small Towns

48

1.3.3. Classification of Convention Centers by Available Comprehensive Infrastructure:

50

1.3.4. Classification of Convention Centers by Type of Architecture

52

1.3.4.1. Convention Centers with Vertical Multistoried Architectural Planning Solution

54

1.3.4.2. Convention Centers with Flat Architectural Planning Solution

56

1.3.4.3. Mixed Type Convention Centers

58

1.3.5. Mixed Functions of Convention Centers

60

1.4. Main Laws of Designing Convention Centers

62

1.4.1. Analysis of Architectural and Planning Solutions of Convention Centers

64

1.4.1.1. Technical Features of Exhibition Facilities:

66

1.4.1.2. Technical Features of Meeting Rooms:

68

1.4.1.3. Technical Features of Convention Centers:

70

1.4.1.4. Technical Features of Banquet Centers:

72

1.4.1.5. Technical Features of Atriums and Lobbies:

74

1.4.1.6. Technical Features of General Purpose Premises:

76

1.4.1.7. Technical Features of Parking Areas and Unloading Docks:

78

1.4.2. Analysis of Usual Rent Rates in Convention Centers

80

1.4.2.1. Comparison of Rent Rates of Exhibition Facilities

82

1.4.2.2. In Northern Europe

84

1.4.2.3. In Eastern and Western Europe

86

1.4.2.4. In Certain Countries of the World

88

1.4.3. Comparing Lease Rates According to Area of Congress Halls

90

1.4.3.1. In Northern Europe

92

1.4.3.2. In Eastern and Western Europe

94

1.4.3.3. In Certain Countries of the World

96

1.4.4. Comparison of Lease Rates for Meeting and Negotiation Facilities

98

1.4.4.1. In Northern Europe

100

1.4.4.2. In Eastern and Western Europe

102

1.4.4.3. In Certain Countries of the World

104

1.4.5. Specialized Services of Convention Centers:

106

1.4.6. Accompanying Services of Convention Centers:

108

1.4.7. Analysis of Convention Center Operation Management Systems

110

1.5. World Experience of Convention Centers Locations

112

1.6. Business Environment of Modern Convention Centers

114

1.6.1. DMC Companies

116

1.6.2.   "Convention Bureau"

118

1.6.2.1. General Organization Principles

120

1.6.2.2. Structure of Convention Bureau Membership

122

1.6.2.3. Lists of Convention Bureaus

124

1.6.3. Consultants

126

1.6.4. Developers

128

1.6.5. Organizers and Management Companies

130

1.6.6. Professional Unions

132

1.6.7. Specialized Literature

134

1.6.8. Specialized Exhibitions

136

1.7. Modern Convention Center

138

1.7.1. Criteria of Success of the Modern Convention Center

140

1.7.2. Convention Center Industry in the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg

142

1.7.3. Activity of Russian and St. Petersburg Population on the Market of Business Tourism

144

1.7.4. Congress Venues of St. Petersburg (Analogs of Convention Centers)

146

1.7.4.1. General Situation in the City

148

1.7.4.2. Convention Rooms in St. Petersburg Palaces

150

1.7.4.3. Convention Rooms in St. Petersburg Hotels

152

1.7.4.4. Convention Rooms in St. Petersburg Business Centers

154

1.7.4.5. Convention Rooms in Scientific Establishments

156

1.7.4.6. Convention Rooms in Resorts

158

1.7.4.7. Convention Rooms at Exhibition Venues

160

1.7.4.8. Spots in Sport and Concept Venues in Town Clubs (Potential)

162

1.8. Business Environment of Congress Facilities of St. Petersburg

164

1.8.1. Conditions of Congress Activities in St. Petersburg

166

1.8.2. Capacities of Congress Venues

168

1.8.3. Marketing Promotion of the City

170

1.8.4. Visa Regime and Transport Accessibility

172

1.8.5. Level of Services:

174

1.8.6. Level of Technical Equipment of Congress Venues Currently in Operations:

176

1.8.7. Providing for Security of Participants

178

1.8.8. Convention Bureaus in St. Petersburg

180

1.8.9. DMC Companies in St. Petersburg

182

2. PART II

183

2.1. MEETING PLANNERS

186

2.1.1. Introduction

188

2.1.2. International Experience

190

2.1.3. Role of Meeting Planners in Business Tourism

192

2.1.4. Classification of Meeting Planners

194

2.1.4.1. Classification of Meeting Planners by Type of Organizations They Represent

196

2.1.4.2. Classification of Meeting Planners by Selection of Event Site

198

2.1.4.3. Classification of Meeting Planners by Region

200

2.1.4.4. Classification of Meeting Planners by Demand for Exhibition Space

202

2.1.4.5. Peculiar Behaviors of Meeting Planners

204

2.1.5. Migration of Large National and International Conferences

206

2.1.6. Terms of Preparation and Duration of Events

208

2.1.7. Seasonal Factor

210

2.1.8. Preference of Meeting Planners by Type of Congress Facilities

212

2.1.9. Unions and Associations of Meeting Planners

214

2.2. Business Tourism Sector: Current State of Affairs

216

2.2.1. Segmentation of Business Tourism Market

218

2.2.2. History of Business Tourism Sector

220

2.2.3. Business Tourism Today

222

2.2.4. Forecasts of Business Tourism Market Development

224

2.2.5. Criteria of Conference Venue Choice

226

2.2.6. How to Get Into the Rotation List

228

2.2.7. Share of Various Demand Aspects by Kind in the Structure of Congress Center Profits

230

2.3. Business Tourism in St. Petersburg

232

2.3.1. Meeting Planners in St. Petersburg

234

2.3.2. Peculiar Behaviors of Meeting Planners

236

2.3.3. Seasonal Factor

238

2.3.4. Peculiarities of Meeting Planners by Type of Congress Venues in St. Petersburg

240

2.3.5. Meeting Planners and Exhibition Activities in St. Petersburg

242

2.3.6. Meeting Planners of Russia, Unions and Associations

244

2.3.7. State of Business Tourism Sector of St. Petersburg

246

2.3.8. Business Tourism in St. Petersburg Today

248

2.3.9. Short SWOT analysis of congress activities in St. Petersburg (expert assessment)

250

2.3.10. State of the Business Tourism Industry of St. Petersburg in Comparison with Competition (Tourist Assessment)

252

2.3.11. Potential of St. Petersburg in the Sphere of Business Tourism

254

3. PART III Main Conclusions and Parameters of Congress Centers

257

3.1. CONCLUSIONS

258

3.1.1. Optimal Architectural and Planning Solutions

260

3.1.2. Main Competitors

262

3.1.3. Main Consumers of Convention Center Services

264

3.1.4. Management of Convention Centers

266

3.1.5. Criteria of Success of Convention Centers

268

4. PART IV Appendices

270

4.1. APPENDIX No. 0. List of Used Internet Websites

271

4.2. Appendix No. 2. List of Major Convention Centers

272

4.3. Appendix No. 2 Convention Bureaus

295

4.4. Appendix No. 4. Example of Professional Consortium of Consultants

296

4.5. Appendix No. 4. Major World Developers in the Sphere of Convention Center Construction (8 Companies)

297

4.6. APPENDIX No. 5. List of Specialized Literature

298

4.7. APPENDIX No. 6. Convention Centers Across Regions of the World

299

4.7.1. Countries of Northern Europe

300

4.7.1.1. Finland

301

4.7.1.2. Norway

302

4.7.1.3. Sweden

303

4.7.1.4. Denmark

304

4.7.2. Countries of Eastern Europe

305

4.7.2.1. Bulgaria

306

4.7.2.2. Poland

307

4.7.2.3. Slovenia

308

4.7.2.4. Czech Republic

309

4.7.2.5. Croatia

310

4.7.2. Countries of Western Europe

311

4.7.3.1. Germany

312

4.7.3.2. Spain

313

4.7.3.3. France

314

4.7.3.4. England

315

4.7.3.5. Austria

316

4.7.3.6. Switzerland

317

4.7.3.7. Portugal

318

4.7.3.8. Belgium

319

4.7.3.9. Italy

320

4.7.3.10. USA

321

4.7.4. Developing Regions Competing for Investment Resources

322

4.7.4.1. Turkey

323

4.7.4.2.  Brazil

324

4.7.4.3.  China

325

4.8. APPENDIX 7. Congress Venues of St. Petersburg

326

4.8.1. Convention Rooms in Palaces

327

4.8.1.1. Anichkov Palace

328

4.8.1.2. Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace

329

4.8.1.3. Liteyny Palace

330

4.8.1.4. Architects' House (Polovtsev Mansion)

331

4.8.1.5. House of Scientists (Palace of Grand Duke Vladimir)

332

4.8.1.6. Catherine Palace

333

4.8.1.7. Constantine Palace (Palace of Congresses)

334

4.8.1.8. Marble Palace

335

4.8.1.9. Museum of G. R. Derzhavin

336

4.8.1.10. Nikolaevsky Palace

337

4.8.1.11. Baryatinsky Mansion

338

4.8.1.12. Kochubey Mansion

339

4.8.1.13. Neudgart Mansion

340

4.8.1.14. Last Palace of St. Petersburg (Palace of Prince Abamelek-Lazarev)

341

4.8.1.15. Russian Ethnographic Museum

342

4.8.1.16.St. Petersburg Union of Journalists

343

4.8.1.17.Taurida Palace

344

4.8.1.18.Central Museum of Communications

345

4.8.1.19.Sheremetyev Palace

346

4.8.1.20.Shuvalov Palace (House of Friendship)

347

4.8.1.21. Yusupov Palace

348

4.8.2. Hotels with Convention Rooms:

349

4.8.2.1. Astoria Hotel *****

350

4.8.2.2. Corinthia Nevsky Palace Hotel *****

351

4.8.2.3. Renaissance Saint Petersburg Hotel *****

352

4.8.2.4. Radisson SAS Royal Hotel *****

353

4.8.2.5. Hotel d'Angleterre ****

354

4.8.2.6. Grand Hotel Europe *****

355

4.8.2.7. Baltiyskaya Zvezda Hotel *****

356

4.8.2.8. Pribaltiyskaya Hotel****

357

4.8.2.9. Pulkovskaya Hotel ****

358

4.8.2.10.Moskva Hotel ***

359

4.8.2.11. Saint Petersburg Hotel ***

360

4.8.2.12. Oktyabrskaya Hotel ***

361

4.8.2.13. Sovetskaya Hotel ***

362

4.8.2.14. Rossia Hotel ***

363

 4.8.2.15. Dostoevsky Hotel***

364

4.8.2.16. Karelia Hotel ***

365

4.8.2.17. Business Hotel Prin***

366

4.8.3. Hotels with Convention Halls:

367

4.8.3.1. International Business Communication Center

368

4.8.3.2. City Center

369

4.8.4. Convention Rooms in Scientific Establishments

370

4.8.4.1. All-Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine

371

4.8.4.2. St. Petersburg State University

372

4.8.4.3. St. Petersburg Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

373

4.8.4.4. Sport and Concert Venues and Former Clubs (12 venues)

374

4.8.5. Convention Rooms in Resorts

375

4.8.5.1. Gelios Hotel***

376

4.8.5.2. Baltiets Resort***

377

4.8.5.3. Znamenka Resort

378

4.8.5.4. Olgino Hotel***

379

4.8.6. Convention Rooms in Exhibition Facilities

380

4.8.6.1. Exhibition Centers in the Northwest of the Russian Federation

381

4.8.6.2. LENEXPO

382

4.9. APPENDIX No. 8. Some Public Organizations

383

4.9.1. Association Members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation

384

4.9.2. Guilds Members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation

385

4.9.3. Leagues Members of the Russian Federation Chamber of Commerce

386

4.9.4. Unions Members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation

387

4.9.5. Members of the Chamber of Commerce of the Russian Federation

388

4.9.6. Funds Members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation

389

4.9.7. Collegia Members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation

390

4.9.8. Non-Profit Partnerships Members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation

391

4.10. APPENDIX No. 9. Price List of Bella Center Convention Centers

392

4.11. APPENDIX No. 10 Hong Kong Convention Center

393

4.12. APPENDIX No. 11 Seville Convention Center

394

4.13. APPENDIX No. 12 Washington Convention Center

395

4.14. APPENDIX No. 13 San Diego Convention Center

396

4.15. APPENDIX No. 14 Frankfurt Convention Center

397

4.16. APPENDIX No. 15 Capetown Convention Center

398